The Slit Drum: A Sound Experience for Body and Soul

Imagine this: A long day is drawing to a close. You retreat to your home, ready to shed stress and worries. Instead of simply sitting on the couch, you decide to do something different – ​​a slit drum. Your hand glides across its surface, and immediately soft, deep sounds fill the room. It's like a hug for your soul.

What exactly is this percussion instrument we a slit drum , and why should you know about it? Let's dive in and explore the soothing soundscapes of this versatile instrument.

The slit drum and its cultural roots – an overview

The slit drum, also sometimes a tongue drum, slit drum , or log drum , is a percussive instrument consisting of a single or multi-layered block of wood with cut slits. Each of these tongues, or "tongues ," produces a specific tone when struck. The origins of the slit drum can be traced back to the traditional cultures of Africa , the Americas, Oceania, and Asia , where it was often used in ceremonies and rituals.

They were often made from hollowed-out tree trunks, gourds, or bamboo and played with sticks, hands, or mallets. The process of making a wooden drum begins with selecting a suitable piece of wood, usually a hardwood such as mahogany, padauk, ash, maple, or oak. The tree trunk is then worked and hollowed out to create a resonating chamber. The top is subsequently fitted with slots or tongues of varying sizes and depths, which produce different pitches when struck.

Their dimensions range from enormous tree trunks (6 meters [20 feet] or longer and 2.1 meters [7 feet] or wider) housed in huts and played by several people, to small bamboo instruments used by overseers in Malaysia. More massive slit drums are sometimes, less precisely, called slit gongs.

These instruments are often ritualistic in nature and are even attributed with magical properties; they are frequently associated with water and the themes of death and rebirth. Thanks to their remarkable carrying capacity and resonance, they are also used as signaling instruments, serving in some regions of the world to transmit messages by imitating the sounds of human speech.

In some cultures, slit drums are intricately carved in the form of stylized animals. Among the Aztecs (such as the Teponaztli) and other Mesoamerican cultures, the slit drums were hollowed out through an H-shaped slit, with the two tongues producing different pitches; it is thought that several of these instruments were combined to play melodies.

Two smaller Chinese variants of the slit drum are the wooden block and the wooden fish (Chinese: mu yü ; also known as the temple block ), which are carved in the shape of a mythical fish and lacquered red. Both were used in religious ceremonies, with the wooden block also being used in Chinese opera orchestras. They produce a clear, penetrating sound and were incorporated into Western orchestras in the 20th century.

Slit drums are known worldwide in numerous variations and under various names ( Teponatzli, Log Drum, Tongue Drum, Kring, Tongue Drum ). Many of these variations utilize sophisticated hollowed-out tree trunks: The player strikes the edge of the drum with a mallet to produce a sound.

The generous resonance chamber produces a fairly loud sound that can be heard from afar. In Africa, the slit drum – also a kring however, also used stone for their teponaztli

only developed with the emergence of the trend around the Hang , an inverted steel drum.

The sonic spectrum of the slit drum

What makes the slit drum so special is its unique sound. It produces deep, resonant tones that can have a meditative and calming effect. These sounds are excellent for meditative practices, yoga, sound therapy, and simply as relaxing background music.

The surface has tongues of varying sizes cut into it, which can be tuned to specific pitches. The larger the tongue, the lower the pitch it produces. Depending on the pitch, a distinction is made between tenor and bass slit drums .

Each slit drum is tuned to a specific range of notes (i.e., a pentatonic scale), allowing for the creation of a wide variety of melodies and harmonies simply by striking it. This simplicity makes it an ideal instrument, even for beginners.

The following general sentiments are frequently found among providers:

• F major (tenor)
• D minor pentatonic (tenor)
• A minor pentatonic (bass)
• D minor pentatonic (bass)

Professional drummers can order custom major and minor tunings from manufacturers and instrument makers. These are then specifically manufactured and tuned according to the musician's requirements.

Listen to a presentation of a traditional slit drum with 2 mallets :

This percussion instrument categorically belongs to the idiophones (self-sounding instruments). It is used in numerous musical genres and cultural traditions. Its resonant tones are produced by striking its surface with mallets or the hands. Thanks to its unique design and characteristic sound, this wooden drum represents an exceptional and valuable addition to ensembles and performances worldwide.

The bass reclining slit drum as an extension

The bass lie-slit drum (also known as the Big Bom ) is a modern variant of the classic slit drum, primarily used in Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and Southeast Asia. It is one of the common tongue-slit drums.

The reclining slit drum is typically played with felt mallets, but also with hands or fingers. Its sound is warm and deep, and the vibrations are clearly perceptible. When seated, it can be played by one or two people simultaneously. When tilted to the side, a person can lie down and be played by it ( sound massage ).

In the video from feeltone you can see these application and playback options:

While traditional slit drums are primarily used in ritual musical contexts, the bass liege slit drum is used particularly in therapeutic environments, for example in music or sound therapy , in kindergartens and in rehabilitation facilities.

Game variations

The tenor and bass slit drums offer versatile playing possibilities: players can create rhythmic patterns on the upper playing surface, both alone and in duet.

1. Playing surface above (rhythmic): Sit on a cushion and let your imagination run wild! Using mallets or your hands, you can create rhythmic patterns that are not only fun but also improve your sense of rhythm.
2. Playing surface at the top (communicative): Two musicians at opposite ends of the drum – what could be more exciting? With mallets in hand, they make music together and create a harmonious connection through their shared rhythm.
3. Playing surface tilted to the side (groovy): Take a seat on the drum and discover the groove! Sit between its "legs" and play with mallets or your hands. Every hit brings you closer to the music!
4. Playing surface inclined to the side (therapeutic sound massage): This playing surface is ideal for children (tenor) or adults (bass). Your client can lie comfortably on the surface, use a pillow for their head, and position their lower legs at an angle. You sit comfortably on a cushion in front of the slit drum and create gentle sounds with the mallets. In this way, you create a soothing atmosphere that invites relaxation.

Applications of the slot drum

Sound therapy and meditation

When turned sideways, the reclining slotted drum, used as a sound bed, offers intense vibrotactile stimulation for the entire body. This characteristic makes it an extremely valued and valuable instrument in the therapeutic field. 

Whether as a holistically perceptible heartbeat stimulator (within the framework of basic support) or as a key to promoting perception and communication in dialogue (psychomotor dialogue) – to name just a few of its possible applications – this “hand-pleasing” instrument is a valuable therapeutic aid.

The vibrations are felt throughout the entire body, with the skeletal system acting as a resonating chamber. The head should rest comfortably on a pillow while the whole body is permeated by gentle and even vibrations. These deep vibrations lead to pleasant relaxation and help the body find its inner balance. The alternating positions of player and instrument create a strong sense of connection.

The instruments are therefore quite popular in areas where the focus is on holistic experiences – for example, in early childhood education and in various forms of therapy.

It is also an excellent tool for interpersonal communication : Two players can sit on it and engage in a musical exchange. Large slit drums accommodate two people – one on each side – allowing them to make music together. This experience brings joy and serves as a therapeutic means, for example, to resolve potential conflicts.

Sometimes verbal language is insufficient as a means of communication. Or it may not be available at all (e.g., due to illness or disability). In such cases, nonverbal communication using sound can overcome barriers, enabling exchange without misunderstandings or inhibitions. This creates the opportunity to explore and promote alternative forms of communication – whether for people with disabilities, during recovery processes, or in conflict situations.

Due to its calming sounds, the slit drum is also frequently used in sound therapy . Therapists use it to help clients reduce stress and achieve a state of inner peace. The deep, resonant sound can help lower the heart rate and promote a feeling of serenity.

Musical (early) education and training

The slit drum is an excellent instrument for music education. Children and adults can easily learn to play it, developing a better understanding of rhythm and pitch. Equipped with eight different grooves, this percussion instrument offers a range of deep, resonant sounds.

The clear and resonant sound is enhanced by the solid wooden body, making it particularly suitable for early musical education and group activities. This rhythm instrument is ideal for use in kindergartens, schools, and therapeutic settings.

Children have the opportunity to playfully recognize different pitches and experiment with rhythms. Drumming supports both fine motor skills and concentration, and promotes auditory perception. Another advantage is that the simple handling allows children to be creative and develop their own melodies.

Since it does not require complicated technology, it is ideal for music lessons both in groups at schools and in individual lessons.

Personal well-being

Last but not least, the slit drum is a wonderful instrument for your personal well-being. You can use it at home to relax, express yourself creatively, or simply enjoy the peace and joy of making music.

Playing the wooden drum improves hand-eye coordination, develops rhythm and timing skills, and reduces stress. Precise movements and rhythmic exercises not only promote coordination but also support mindfulness and relaxation. The meditative sounds of the drum help reduce stress and foster a sense of inner peace.

Other applications

• Traditional music and ritual ceremonies: The use of wooden drums has a multifaceted cultural and historical background worldwide. If you are interested in traditional music and ritual ceremonies, delving into the history of wooden drums can be a captivating journey into the world of rhythmic traditions and rituals. Furthermore, the cultural significance of wooden drums can offer you an interesting perspective.
• Contemporary Music: Wooden drums have also found their way into modern music, including fusion bands and world music ensembles. Tongue drums and handpans are just as conceivable here as log drums and slit drums. Experiment with integrating the unique sounds of wooden drums into electronic music or using them in experimental genres. Collaborate with contemporary composers and musicians to weave the rhythmic structures of wooden drums into modern compositions.
• Sound effects in films and television shows: Wooden drums are frequently used to create sound effects in films and television shows, lending the listening experience a tribal or natural atmosphere. They are used to imitate natural sounds such as thunder or animal noises, enriching the overall sound design. Wooden drums give soundtracks an authentic and earthy feel, making them a sought-after choice for composers and sound designers.

Did you know? Fun facts about slit drums

• Long tradition : Slit drums have existed for thousands of years. They were used in ancient cultures for long-distance communication by sending rhythmic messages.
• Universal sounds : The sound of slit drums is universally calming. Whether you are in Africa, Asia, Europe, or America, the sound resonates with us all.
• Variety of materials : While traditional slit drums are mainly made of wood, nowadays there are also models made of metal that offer different sound characteristics.

Playing styles and tips for different playing techniques

The design and pentatonic tuning of these percussion instruments allow for both simple rhythms and complex melodies. Discerning professionals can have the reeds tuned to their individual needs. Thanks to the pentatonic tuning, all notes harmonize with each other, making it effortless to create rhythmically intuitive melodies and minimalist rhythmic patterns.

There are a multitude of playing techniques to try out to your heart's content: with different soft mallets in various sizes, with the hands – similar to a djembe or conga – or, in the case of bass slit drums, with the hands at the back of the tongues (in addition to hand playing). It becomes even more multifaceted when you use the rigid wooden surfaces for high slaps .

Besides large tenor and bass slit drums, some instrument makers also produce drums that generate a clear, high-pitched sound – specifically designed for quiet finger playing. These can also be played quickly with rubber mallets . The springiness of the rubber mallets on the tongues creates rolls and tremolos that produce a distinctive sound.

Some types of slit drums can also be played with the hand and a mallet. When a whole ensemble of small, medium, and large slit drums is assembled, a stunning drum sound is created. This is reminiscent of Gamelan (traditional ensemble music of the Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese peoples of Indonesia, consisting primarily of percussion instruments) and encompasses all tonal levels.

Let's delve a little deeper into the different playing styles and explore the nuances of each playing technique.

With the hands

The ability to play wooden drums by striking them with the hands has a long history and is used by cultures worldwide to create rhythmic melodies and ceremonial sounds.

1. Place the wooden drum stably and comfortably in front of you to create a stable base. Use your fingertips or palms to strike the tongues of the wooden drum.
2. Vary the intensity and angle of your strokes to produce different sounds.
3. Practice playing with both hands to improve your coordination and dexterity.

Use of mallets

1. Hold the mallet between your thumb and forefinger, while the other fingers loosely grasp the stick.
2. Strike the surface of the wooden drum with the mallets, maintaining a relaxed grip to achieve a clear and resonant sound.
3. Experiment with different striking angles and intensities to discover a variety of tones and rhythms.

Wooden drums have been an integral part of numerous cultures worldwide for centuries. They are traditionally played with drumsticks or mallets (with felt or wool fleece heads), lending a special acoustic dimension to cultural practices with their deep, resonant sounds.

Sliding techniques

1. Use the palm of your hand to create a gliding motion across the surface of the wooden drum.
2. Adjust pressure and speed to create different pitches and sounds.
3. Explore different hand positions to learn various gliding techniques.

Practical exercises for further study

If you would like to further improve your skills on the slit drum, try these simple exercises:

• Scales and arpeggios : Play scales and arpeggios regularly to improve your finger dexterity and understanding of the sequence of notes.
• Rhythm exercises : Vary the drumming patterns and experiment with different rhythms. This will improve your rhythmic precision and flexibility.
• Improvisation : Let your intuition guide you and improvise freely. This will help you discover your creative side and develop your melodic skills.

Extra tips for playing the drums

To make your experience with the slot drum even more intense, here are some additional tips:

• Experiment with different mallets : While some players prefer to play the slit drum with their bare hands, different mallets (e.g. made of felt or rubber) can produce different sound effects.
• Combine the slit drum with other instruments : The slit drum harmonizes perfectly with other percussive and melodic instruments such as kalimbas, handpans, or guitars. Experiment with different combinations to create unique sound experiences.
• Use the slit drum for creative projects : Whether as background music for meditation, part of a soundtrack production or even as an integral part of a theatre piece – the creative possibilities are endless.

What are some ways to learn to play a slit drum?

Anyone interested in the cultural history and unique sound of the slit drum understandably has the desire to learn to play this instrument.

This section presents three different methods for learning to play the drum with this instrument.

Self-study with online materials

• Find online tutorials and instructional videos that offer step-by-step instructions on playing techniques for log drums. Unfortunately, these are still extremely rare, even on the English-language internet. Tip: Look out for tongue drum or handpan tutorials (there are quite a few of these). Most techniques and playing styles can be adapted to a slit drum. You can also draw inspiration from other types of drums.

• Discover virtual communities and forums for drum enthusiasts where you can seek advice, share experiences, and learn from others.
• Use digital resources for sheet music and notation when composing and arranging block drum music.

Take lessons from a music teacher

• Find a qualified percussion teacher who specializes in log or tongue drum techniques.
• Speak to the teacher about your goals and schedule to plan tailored lessons.
• To optimize your learning, you should invest in a suitable slit drum and a practice room.

Join a drum circle or drum group

• Search online or browse bulletin boards at schools, universities, department stores, etc. to find local drum circles or drum groups.
• Contact the organizers for information about the requirements for joining and participating in Log Drum Sessions.
• Go to a group session or drum circle to observe the playing of the wooden drum and the interactions between the members.
• Introduce yourself to the members and show that you are interested in learning to play the wooden drum.
• Engage in conversations with experienced log drum players to get advice and assistance on getting started.

Tips for buying a slot drum

If you want to buy a log drum yourself, there are a few things you should consider before purchasing:

1. Material : Slit drums are usually made of wood or metal. Wood offers a warmer and more organic sound, while metal drums can have clearer and brighter tones. High-quality hardwoods such as ash or padauk (ideally air-dried) should be used for the soundboard. The body can be made of pine. Industrially dried wood is prone to cracking over time (especially in dry, heated air), which can negatively affect the sound.
2. Size : The size of the drum affects the pitch and volume. Smaller drums are Terms & Conditions , larger ones offer a deeper resonance. Reclining drums are very large, but can be played by two people.
3. Tuning : Slit drums come in various tunings and pentatonic scales (e.g., F major, A minor, D minor, etc.). Be sure to choose one that suits your musical taste and purpose.
4. Price : Quality comes at a price. Cheaper, mass-produced models are suitable for beginners to try out the instrument, but if you're serious about playing, it's worth investing in a high-quality instrument from a luthier. German luthiers often use regional woods and incorporate years of experience and exquisite craftsmanship into their drums. As a result, their prices are in the low to mid four-figure range.

Care and maintenance

Slotted drums do not require much maintenance, but a few simple measures can extend their lifespan:

• Avoid extreme temperatures and humidity to protect the material.
• Clean the drum regularly with a soft, dry cloth.
• Store the drum safely when not in use to avoid damage.
• When using underfloor heating, always place a carpet or runner under your musical instrument to protect it from the direct heat of the heating system.
• Avoid ventilating when temperatures are below freezing, as this can further reduce indoor humidity and exacerbate frosty conditions. Temporarily move your musical instruments to another room while ventilating, as cold air can cause significant temperature differences in the wood.
• Attach a container of water to the radiators and change the filters regularly to increase the humidity in the room and prevent mold growth. Place plants with high water requirements in your rooms and water them regularly. This will cause a lot of water to evaporate, which, thanks to the increased humidity, will protect the wood of your instruments from drying out.

What does the future hold for this niche instrument?

With the increasing popularity of mindfulness and wellness, the slit drum is already more than just a niche instrument. It is finding its way into modern music productions, schools, and therapy centers worldwide.

The trend towards integrative music therapy and the increasing appreciation for handcrafted acoustic instruments suggest that the slit drum will continue to play a significant role in the future.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

In our FAQ we answer the most common questions and help you to deepen your knowledge about the slot drum:

What makes the slotted drum unique?

The slit drum is characterized by its warm, resonant sound and ease of playing, making it ideal for various musical and therapeutic applications.

How do you play a slit drum?

The slit drum is played with the hands or special mallets, striking the different slits to produce different tones.

Which slot drum is right for me?

Consider what you want to use the drum for. Larger, lower-pitched drums are suitable for meditative purposes or sound therapy, while smaller ones are more portable and versatile.

How do I find the right mood for myself?

Listen to different slit drums and choose the one whose sound appeals to you most. There is no "correct" tuning – it all depends on your personal preference.

Are slotted drums only suitable for professionals?

Not at all! Slit drums are very beginner-friendly and offer enjoyment and benefits to players of all experience levels.

For which musical styles is the slit drum suitable?

The slit drum is ideally suited for meditative, relaxing music, world music, and experimental sounds. Its versatility also makes it interesting for other musical styles.

Can I build a slotted drum myself?

Yes, with some skill and the right materials, it's possible to build a slit drum yourself. There are instructions and kits for DIY projects online. In the following video, the team from Get Hands Dirty tackled such a project. They even share the template and their experiences building this drum from wenge and Baltic birch plywood. They also offer some tips, from choosing the right wood to tuning the instrument.

Where can I buy a slot drum?

Slit drums are available in music instrument shops, specialized online stores, and from craftspeople. Pay attention to the quality and material of the instrument.

Concluding thoughts

The world of the slit drum is full of sonic treasures waiting to be discovered. This instrument has the power to enrich your life in many ways, be it through relaxation, creativity, or spiritual practice.​